Hypertension is the medical term for high blood pressure. High blood pressure (hbp) or hypertension means high pressure (tension) in the arteries. Arteries are vessels that carry blood from the pumping heart to all the tissues and organs of the body.
Blood pressure of less than 120 over 80 is considered a normal reading for people 18 and over. A borderline high systolic pressure of 120 to 139 or a diastolic pressure of 80 to 89 needs to be closely monitored. A blood pressure reading equal to or greater than 140 over 90 is considered high in people over the age of 18.
The top number, is the systolic blood pressure, corresponds to the pressure in the arteries as the heart contracts and pumps blood forward into the arteries. The bottom number, the diastolic pressure, represents the pressure in the arteries as the heart relaxes after the contraction. The diastolic pressure reflects the lowest pressure to which the arteries are exposed.
Causes Of Hypertension
Hypertension can be classified as either essential (primary) or secondary. Essential hypertension indicates that no specific medical cause can be found to explain a patient's condition. Secondary hypertension indicates that the high blood pressure is a result of (i.e. secondary to) another condition, such as kidney disease or tumors.
Diagnosis Of Hypertension
The only way to know if you have high blood pressure is to get your blood pressure checked. The cut-offs from normal levels to high blood pressure, with varying degrees of severity,
are as follows : -
Normal : - systolic less than 130, diastolic less than 85
Any of the following may be performed to detect damage to the heart or blood vessels : -
Electrocardiogram (ECG) is a noninvasive test that detects the electrical activity of the heart and records it on paper.
Echocardiogram is an ultrasound examination of the heart taken through the chest. Sound waves take a picture of the heart as it beats and relaxes and then transmits these images to a video monitor.
A plain chest x-ray primarily provides an estimate of the size of the heart, but it is much less specific than echocardiography, which looks inside the heart.
Symptoms Of Hypertension
There are generally no symptoms of high blood pressure, so you usually don't feel it. The symptoms are usually mild and nonspecific. People who have high blood pressure typically don't know it until then blood pressure is measured.
Sometimes people with high blood pressure have the following symptoms : -
Headache
Dizziness
Blurred vision
Nausea
Tiredness
Irregular heart beat
High blood pressure is a silent killer because by the time symptoms of hypertensive heart disease appear, the condition can be life threatening.
The following types of the organ damage are commonly seen in chronic high blood pressure : -
Heart attack
Heart failure
Stroke
Kidney failure
Eye damage or loss of vision
Peripheral arterial disease
Aneurysms
Treatment Of Hypertension
Sodium intake should be restricted; limiting the sodium intake by eliminating table salt, cooking salt and salty & processed foods can reduce blood pressure by 5mm of Hg. Loosing weight and regular physical excercise can reduce the blood pressure. There are many different medicines that can be used to treat high blood pressure.
Such medicines include : -
Alpha blockers
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors
Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs)
Beta-blockers
Calcium channel blockers
Central alpha agonists
Diuretics
Renin inhibitors, including aliskiren (Tekturna)
Vasodilators
The list of of world class heart hospitals in India is as follows : -
For more information, medical assessment and medical quote
send your detailed medical history and medical reports
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Email : - info@wecareindia.com
Call: +91 9029304141 (10 am. To 8 pm. IST)
(Only for international patients seeking treatment in India)
For a detailed evaluation send patient’s medical reports / X rays / doctors notes to info@wecareindia.com
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